Lateral Flexor Digitorum Longus Transfer for Peroneal Tendinopathy

Plantar forces in flexor hallucis longus versus flexor digitorum longus transfer in adult acquired flatfoot deformity.

BACKGROUND Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) and flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendon transfers are frequently used to restore the function of a deficient tibialis posterior tendon in stage II adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD). Either transfer causes some loss in toe flexion force, although the decision to tenodese the cut tendon to restore associated function remains controversial. This stud...

Comparison of transfer sites for flexor digitorum longus in a cadaveric adult acquired flatfoot model.

Posterior tibialis tendon (PTT) dysfunction (PTTD) is associated with adult acquired flatfoot deformity. PTTD is commonly treated with a flexor digitorum longus (FDL) tendon transfer (FDLTT) to the navicular (NAV), medial cuneiform (CUN), or distal residuum of the degraded PTT (rPTT). We assessed the kinetic and kinematic outcomes of these three attachment sites using cadaveric gait simulation....

Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Longus: Importance of Posterior Ankle Endoscopy

Endoscopy for the posterior region of the ankle through two portals is becoming more widespread for the treatment of a large number of conditions which used to be treated with open surgery years ago. The tendon of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) travels along an osteofibrous tunnel between the posterolateral and posteromedial tubercles of the talus. Chronic inflammation of this tendon may lead...

Significance of variations in the interconnection between flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus of the lower limb

Introduction Flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus and tibialis posterior are the three deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg. Flexor digitorum longus arises from the posterior surface of tibia below the soleal line medial to tibialis posterior, and by a broad tendon from the fibula, then courses deep to the flexor retinaculum in the tarsal tunnel to enter the sole of f...

Tendon Transfer in Congenital Deficiency of Flexor Pollicis Longus